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'Current diagnosis of dementia is strongly based on memory symptoms, which we know now are occurring when the disease is quite advanced. Instead, emerging evidence shows that subtle spatial navigation and awareness deficits can precede memory symptoms by many years.' Our current findings show that we can reliably detect such subtle navigation changes in at-genetic-risk of Alzheimer's disease healthy people without any problem symptoms or complaints. Our findings will inform future diagnostic recommendations and disease treatments to address this devastating disease.' The data collected by the Sea Hero Quest app is vital for research – because every two minutes spent playing the game is equal to five hours of lab-based research.
And having three million players globally equates to more than 1,700 years' worth of lab-based research.The team studied gaming data taken from 27,108 UK players aged between 50-75—the most vulnerable age-group to develop Alzheimer's in the next decade.They compared this benchmark data with a smaller lab-based group of 60 people who underwent genetic testing.In the smaller lab group, 31 volunteers carried the APOE4 gene, which is known to be linked with Alzheimer's disease, and 29 people did not. Both lab groups were matched for age, gender, education and nationality with the benchmark cohort.Genetic risk for Alzheimer's is complicated. People (around one in every four) who have one copy of the APOE4 gene are around three times more likely to be affected by Alzheimer's and develop the disease at a younger age.Prof Hornberger said: 'We found that people with a high genetic risk, the APOE4 carriers, performed worse on spatial navigation tasks. They took less efficient routes to checkpoint goals.' This is really important because these are people with no memory problems.' Meanwhile, those without the APOE4 gene travelled roughly the same distance as the 27,000 people forming the baseline score.
To help scientists working towards finding a cure, we created Sea Hero Quest – a mobile game where anyone can help fight dementia. Sea Hero Quest is a multi-platform adventure game designed specifically to help advance the understanding of spatial navigation, and therefore understand one of the first symptoms of dementia. Where the Sea Hero Quest mobile game collects gameplay data every 0.5s, Sea Hero Quest VR collects gameplay data every 0.1s, resulting in more precise data capture which allows scientists to form deeper insights about human spatial navigation abilities. The anonymous spatial navigation data is stored in a secure T-Systems server in Germany.
This difference in performance was particularly pronounced where the space to navigate was large and open.' It means that we can detect people who are at genetic risk of Alzheimer's based on how they play the game.' The team have previously reported Sea Hero Quest found people in different countries and populations navigate differently. Gillian Coughlan, also from UEA's Norwich Medical School, said: 'This research shows that data collected from people who downloaded and played Sea Hero Quest can be used as a benchmark to help identify those at a genetically higher risk of developing Alzheimer's in smaller groups of people.' Sea Hero Quest succeeded where a conventional memory and thinking test failed. It demonstrates the power of harnessing large-scale citizen science projects and applying big data technologies, to help improve the early detection of diseases like Alzheimer's.'
This global Sea Hero Quest project provides an unprecedented chance to study how many thousands of people from different countries and cultures navigate space. It is helping to shed light on how we use our brain to navigate and also to aid the development of more personalised measures for future diagnostics and drug treatment programmes in dementia research.' This is the tip of the iceberg and there is still a lot more work to do to extract and capitalise on the wealth of data collected through the Deutsche Telekom's Sea Hero Quest project.' Prof Hugo Spiers, from UCL, said: 'Our discovery highlights the value of bringing together big data with precise data to aid the development of digital tools for medical diagnoses.' Hilary Evans, Chief Executive at Alzheimer's Research UK said: 'We often hear heart-breaking stories about people with dementia who get lost and can't find their way home and we know spatial navigation difficulties like these are some of the earliest warning signs for the condition.' Research shows us that the brain changes associated with diseases like Alzheimer's begin decades before symptoms like memory loss start and for future Alzheimer's treatments to be effective, it's likely they must be given at the earliest stages of disease, before there's too much damage to the brain.'
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Using big data to help improve the early and accurate detection of the diseases that cause dementia can help revolutionise how we research and treat the condition. Sea Hero Quest is an amazing example of how pioneering research can help scientists get one step closer to a life-changing breakthrough.' 'Toward personalized cognitive diagnostics of at-genetic-risk Alzheimer's disease' Alzheimer's disease' is published in the journal PNAS.
Spatial navigation can be one of the first things affected in those suffering from a form of dementia.The game, developed by Deutsche Telekom and indie firm Glitchers, is an expansion on a mobile app version released last year and has already been used to collect research data from more than three million players.Scientists from Alzheimer’s Research UK, the University of East Anglia (UEA) and University College London also worked on the game. They said virtual reality could offer greater detail on spatial awareness and human behaviour.
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